Gerunds and infinitives

A word or group of words that is necessary to complete the meaning of a predicate or other expression

Use gerunds as complements after certain verbs.

direct objectpredicate

A verb form that functions as a noun, typically ending in -ing

Gerunds function as nouns in sentences.

verbal nounparticipleinfinitive

The scores or evaluations received for schoolwork or exams

She studies hard to improve her grades.

scoresmarksGPAreport card

Words that function as the name of a specific object, person, place, or abstract concept

Gerunds function as nouns in sentences.

subjectsobjectscomplementsgerunds

To happen, exist, or come before someone or something in time, rank, or position

An infinitive is often preceded by "to".

come beforeforerunheraldantecede